concept cars Archives

The 40-year story of MX at Mazda

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When people think of Mazda’s MX range, the MX-5 Miata would come to mind. Or, those who keep up with auto news will know that the company now sells a model known as the MX-30 which is the brand’s first mass-produced fully electric car.

However, long before the MX-5 – which became the bestselling 2-seat convertible sportscar of all time – there was another Mazda which had the ‘MX’ designation. This was the MX-81 Aria, a concept car displayed at the 1981 Tokyo Motor Show. Designed by Marc Dechamps for coachbuilder Bertone, it was the first Mazda MX and now, 40 years after its unveiling, Mazda Italy has carried out a restoration of the small wedge-shaped coupe.

*Original PR images of the MX-81 which were distributed at the 1981 Tokyo Motor Show.*

To create the MX-81 Aria, Bertone used running gear from the 323, which was the first generation with front-wheel drive. On this platform was placed the futuristic hatchback form. With its gold paint, huge glasshouse and pop-up lights, it stood out at the motorshow.

The concept car had futuristic features, some of which would find their way into production models in later years. Back then, the features gave the cabin a radical look with the recessed square steering wheel, TV screen and side swinging front seats. Exterior ideas like high-mounted tail lights and pop-up headlamps were adopted in Mazda models too.

Discovery in a warehouse
While many prototypes and concept cars have been destroyed (or ‘lost’) after finishing their round of displays, the MX-81 was kept in a warehouse at Mazda’s headquarters in Hiroshima. In 2019, Nobuhiro Yamamoto – the former 4^th generation MX-5 programme manager and rotary engine developer – found the concept car and proposed the idea restoring it.

*Restoration work on the MX-81 after it was kept in a warehouse for 40 years.*

It was supported by the company and shipped to Mazda Italy, where it has been painstakingly restored by SuperStile in Turin. Fittingly, the completion of the restoration was celebrated by the recreation of the original press images of the MX-81 in front of Milan Cathedral.

Mazda’s connection to Italian designers
However, the connection between Mazda and Italian design celebrated by the restoration of the MX-81 actually started even before the MX-81 was displayed. 20 years earlier, in 1960, a young automotive writer by the name of Hideyuki Miyakawa travelled to Italy and the Turin Motor Show where he met Giorgetto Giugiaro, then Head of Design at Bertone. He also met his future wife, Marisa Bassano – a Japanese-Italian translator with a passion for cars. During Marisa’s study trip to Hiroshima in 1961, Miyakawa met then-chairman of Mazda, Tsuneji Matsuda, and the pair discussed the importance of design in the Japanese car industry.

*Automotive writer Hideyuki Miyakawa (right) and his wife talking with Bertone (centre) and Giugiaro (left).*

*Giugiaro putting his signature on one of his sketches.*

Back in Turin, Hideyuki and Marisa began working as intermediaries between the legendary Italian design studios of Bertone, Ghia and Pininfarina and Japanese car manufacturers. The collaboration between Mazda and Bertone they helped to facilitate led to Giugiaro designing the Mazda Familia and Luce models of the 1960s, plus the R130 Luce Coupe of 1969. The relationship with Bertone continued even after Giugiaro left to work for Ghia, and the restoration of the MX-81 Aria is a celebration of that partnership.

The MX line begins
However, the Mazda MX-81 was only the beginning of the story of the MX badge, which has actually been used more than a dozen times across a broad spread of production, concept and racing Mazdas. After the MX-81 was the MX-02 concept car of 1983. This was a larger 5-door hatchback design with large windows, aerodynamic rear wheel covers and flared-in door mirrors. Unique features included rear wheel steering and a Head-Up display projected on the windscreen.

The one-off theme continued with the 1985 MX-03, another radical looking car. This sportscar concept was proposed with an exciting powertrain – a triple rotor 315 ps engine. The low-slung was very futuristic, with a cabin that featured an aircraft style yoke rather than a steering wheel, plus digital displays and a Head-Up Display. It showed off a lot of advanced technology like 4-wheel steering and all-wheel drive, while the long low body had wind resistance of just 0.25 Cd.

While the MX-02 and MX-03 shared some of the same futuristic design cues, the MX-04 was completely different. Displayed the 1987 Tokyo Motor Show, the MX-04 was a front-engine rear-wheel drive sportscar that had removable fibreglass panels. These allowed the car to switch from a glass dome-roofed coupe to a beach buggy style open-sided roadster. Powered by a rotary engine this ‘shape-shifting’ sportscar was never considered for production.

*The designs and features of concept cars were futuristic but some ideas would be adopted in production models in later years.*

But little did outsiders know that Mazda was already developing the MX-5, which would come 2 years later. Other production models to have ‘MX’ were the MX-3 and MX-6 production coupes.

MX in racing
In the 1990s, arguably the most radical car to have the MX badge was the Mazda MXR-01. After the rotary-powered Mazda 787B took victory in the 1991 Le Mans 24 Hours, the FIA promptly banned rotary-powered cars, leaving Mazda looking for a new car for the 1992 World Sportscar Championship at very short notice. A solution arrived in the shape of the MXR-01 prototype racing car.

Based on the previous season’s Jaguar XJR-14, the British firm’s withdrawal from sportscar racing, allowed Mazda to adapt this radical Ross Brawn-designed prototype and fit a Mazda-badged V10 Judd engine. Famed for its incredible grip and downforce, just 5 examples were built. But sadly, the collapse of the World Sportscar Championship at the end of 1992 spelt the end of Mazda’s world motorsport programme and denied the MXR-01 the chance of success.

*In 1989, the MX-5 was launched and would become the bestselling 2-seater convertible sportscar in the world. (Below) It was followed by the MX-3 and MX-6 during the 1990s.*

Into the 21st century, the MX badge has still appeared on concept cars – the 2001 MX-Sport Tourer/MPV; 2002 MX-Sport Runabout; 2003 MX-Sportif; and 2004 MX-Flexa. The MX concept car that really started Mazda on the road to another success story was the 2005 MX-Crossport. Inspired by the RX-8 sportscar, this was a sporty looking SUV concept with sculpted wheel arches, slender headlamps and bold shoulder lines. It would be the basis for the model that that became the CX-7, which established a lineage of SUVs that lead to today’s CX-5, CX-30 and MX-30.

*40 years later, the fully electric MX-30 – not a concept car – poses with the MX-81 at the same spot where the concept car was originally photographed in 1981.*

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Unusual, little known Mazda vehicles you may never have heard of

Classic Skoda models reimagined for the 21st century

A car model can usually be in production for up to 10 years, though it is usually around 5 or 6 years today. With each model change, the design will evolve in tune with trends and consumer tastes. Only very few models – like the Volkswagen Beetle – could last decades unchanged. Eventually, the discontinued models fade away, but some are also remembered and collectors preserve them as they are special in one way or another.

Skoda, with a history of 125 years, has obviously produced many models and some have been significant. As part of the Czech carmaker’s 125th anniversary celebrations, a group of designers from across the brand have re-imagined some classic models and repurposed them for the modern era.

They picked 5 of the most iconic models and came out with designs of what those models would look like if they were to be done today, in the 21^st century. These are model that defined the look and feel of Czech design and each one chosen is a personal favourite of the designer responsible.

Skoda has no specific plans to develop any of the designs, but the project gave the team inspiration from the past, the present and future environments.

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VOITURETTE
This design takes inspiration from the brand’s first-ever production car, the Voiturette A. Created by Yuhan Zhang – a member of the interior design team at Skoda – the Voiturette study is an open-top 2-seater carriage designed for use as a fully autonomous tourist car for the streets of Prague, the capital city of the Czech Republic.

The interior features a dramatic curved information panel while the wraparound seat takes its inspiration from the single seat unit fitted to the 1905 original. Commenting on her design, Zhang explained: “I wanted to make a connection between the history of Skoda and beauty of Prague. There is a big display in the car presenting a description of the sights as you go, but it could also show passengers the history of Skoda.”

1203 CAMPER
Another iconic model to get a dramatic makeover is the 1203 van, which has been transformed into a 21st century campervan. The brainchild of interface designer Daniel Hajek, the 1203 formed the backbone of Czech industry through the 1970s, becoming the default choice for trade, governments and the emergency services. Production ran from 1968 until the late 1990s.

The 21st century version imagined by Hajek features an electric drivetrain that allows for even greater space inside, along with a pop-up roof and all the practical touches found in today’s Skodas.

In terms of exterior design, the modern 1203 Camper features a number of touches that combine old with new. “I thought long and hard about how to reference the original’s round lights without them being too retro,” explained Hajek. “That’s why there’s just a hint of some curves here, but otherwise the light signature is new and bold.”

FELICIA CABRIOLET
The 1959 Felicia provided interior designer Martin Leprince with the starting point for his design makeover. Like the open-top original, the 21st century one is a masterclass in design elegance – wrapping itself around the passenger compartment while maximising exposure to the elements.

While working on the project Leprince spent hours with an original example kept at the Skoda museum. Among the many details he admired was the wraparound windscreen – and set about updating the look for his new version. As the design shows, the Felicia study has a ‘floating’ windscreen that hovers a few centimetres above the body and curves inwards to serve as the instrument panel and infotainment display.

“I studied glass statues, and with the help of photographs and pictures I tried to come up with a way to draw a 3D glass object so that the whole was comprehensible and looked realistic. That kept me busy for quite a few days,” he explained.

POPULAR MONTE CARLO and 130RS
Sporting glory was the inspiration behind the final pair of re-imagined Skoda classics. Interior designer Ljudmil Slavov chose to recreate the brand’s classic Popular Monte Carlo, while fellow stylist Aymeric Chertier opted to update the 130RS coupe.

“The Popular Monte Carlo is one of the most beautiful cars ever made, and I found its history fascinating as well. It is incredibly elegant and tasteful,” said Slavov. As part of his makeover, the Bulgarian-born designer opted to give the car a dramatic new roadster look. Slavov also chose to replace the traditional centre speedo with a floating hologram and a wraparound screen.

The reborn 130RS (above) by contrast, is more recognisable as an homage to the original. “I wanted to refresh the original car, not change it,” stressed Chertier. “I retained its essence and characteristic lines and added certain details that we know from modern WRC cars, for example,” the designer said, explaining the retro feel combined with the distinctive muscular shapes of his car.

Prototypes and studies Porsche has never before shown to the public

Concept cars, studies and prototypes always excite the public as they are often futuristic and contain advanced technologies that may one day be available. However, many such vehicles are kept behind closed doors, and sometimes even when they are no longer of use, they are not revealed.

Over the decades, Porsche has obviously developed many prototypes to study new concepts for its future sportscars. These have typically been secret although some have been shown to the public. Now, for the first time, the carmaker is showing some of its secret design studies from 2005 to 2019. Besides revealing these models, Porsche also provides an insight into the design process – from the first drawing to the finished production model, if it got that far.

“The timeless and innovative design of our sportscars inspires people all over the world,” said Oliver Blume, CEO of Porsche AG. “Visionary concept studies form the basis for this success: they are the pool of ideas for the Porsche design of tomorrow and combine our strong tradition with pioneering future technologies.”

**Porsche Vision Spyder (2019):** With its spartan, puristic cockpit, the characteristic radiator grilles over the mid-mounted engine, red graphic elements and the suggested fins at the rear, the compact Vision Spyder clearly calls to mind the 550-1500 RS Spyder from 1954. At the same time, the study was intended to further develop the design identity of Porsche and provide a pool of ideas for future details, eg, the ultra modern roll-bar.

The design process
The design process begins with a sketch, followed by a 3D model. As soon as an idea is to be further developed, small models on a scale of 1: 3 and finally solid models on a scale of 1: 1 follow.

“The virtual world is the first step, but it is precisely the unexpected models that you have to experience in reality in order to understand how small, big or surprisingly proportioned a car is,” explained Michael Mauer, Head of Style Porsche.

In contrast to the development of a production model, in which several models with different styling themes are developed, some projects only have one vision model initially created as the protagonist of the central idea.

“Porsche intentionally has just a single design studio – located in the direct proximity of development,” said Mauer. “Weissach is our epicentre. Instead of opening advanced design studios in the distant metropolises of North America and Asia, our designers come from all over the world to Porsche in Weissach in order to create the latest production sportscars and automotive visions at the heart of the brand.

“More than 120 designers, experts for interior, exterior, colours and materials, model builders, modellers and study engineers work in the Porsche Design Studio,” he revealed.

**Porsche 919 Street (2017) :** The 919 Street was developed on the basis of the technology used in the 919 Hybrid, promising to make the exhilarating driving experience of the LMP1 racing car available to amateur drivers. Under the outer shell are the carbonfibre monocoque and powerful 900-ps hybrid racing drivetrain that helped Porsche win numerous victories at Le Mans. The dimensions and wheelbase were also the same as on the racing car.

The design studies
“When it comes to the visions we develop, it is not about bringing every car onto the road. Instead, it is more a question of establishing creative space and a relationship with the future,” said Mauer when describing the design process. “There are two possibilities for continuing to develop as a brand: either you improve your products from the present, that is to say step-by-step. However, it is difficult to be really innovative in this process. Or you give free rein to your creativity. The idea is to let your thoughts jump to the day after tomorrow, and to then move back from there to tomorrow.”

Based on this idea, Porsche develops the product and brand identity which characterises and secures the appearance of all models in the long term. The design language for future models develops from the long-term vision.

In this process, the higher-level goal is to combine the Porsche design DNA with state-of-the-art vehicle engineering. On the one hand, this secures the innovative capability of future Porsche models and, on the other, also provides an evolutionary reference to the rich history of Porsche.

**Porsche Vision ‘Renndienst’ (2018):** The Porsche vision ‘Renndienst’ is the free interpretation of a family-friendly space concept for up to 6 persons. The design team designed a futuristic ‘space shuttle’ with exciting proportions. The study shows how the Porsche design DNA with its characteristic surface modelling can be transferred to an unknown vehicle segment for the brand.

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Porsche developing a starship for the time when its business expands to galaxies far, far away

Global debut for two Mitsubishi Motors concept models at Tokyo Motorshow

Visitors to the Mitsubishi Motors (MMC) booth at the coming Tokyo Motorshow later this month will be shown two new concept cars that preview the carmaker’s future technologies: the MI-TECH Concept and the Super Height K-Wagon Concept.

MI-TECH Concept
The MI-TECH Concept is said to embody the values of MMC’s ‘Drive your Ambition’ brand message under the concept of “An electric SUV that delivers unparalleled driving pleasure and confidence over all terrain in light and wind”.

The concept car features a new, downsized and lighter plug-in hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) drivetrain, a 4-motor electric 4WD system and advanced driver assistance with active safety systems. The MI-TECH name is derived using the ‘M’ from Mitsubishi and the ‘I’ from ‘Intelligent, Ingenious and Inspired’, while the TECH is an abbreviation of Technology.

The MI-TECH’s advanced PHEV system is optimised with a light and compact unit for this small size SUV, using a gas turbine engine generator instead of a petrol engine generator. This allows the driver to use pure-electric driving mode and series hybrid modes, delivering the smooth and powerful performance characteristics inherent to electrified vehicles.

Its 4-motor 4WD system called Quad Motor with Dual Motor Active Yaw Control (AYC) has two motors for both the front and rear axles. This allows optimum torque to be delivered to all the wheels, bringing confidence to the driver with precise handling for the daily use and also enhanced performance for adventuring off-road.

Inside, a human-machine interface (HMI) projects a variety of information, detected by using advanced optical sensing technology, onto the windscreen of the vehicle. While the MI-PILOT driver assistance system not only alerts the driver in potential collision situations, it also supports the operation of the steering wheel and brakes.

In addition, active safety systems support the driver in avoiding collisions and mitigating any collision damage. All these systems work together to deliver a reassuring, safe and enjoyable driving experience.

Super Height K-Wagon Concept
The new-generation Super Height K-Wagon Concept answers the wishes of those drivers looking to expand their list of destinations and going further towards to the horizon. This concept features the roomy interior space as is standard of the genre while delivering the performance and functionality expected in this category, with a SUV touch.

Few details are available but MMC says it delivers nimble handling and brisk performance while maximizing interior space. It also offers reassurance and safety to all occupants with MI-PILOT driver assistance technology, Forward Collision Mitigation, mis-acceleration mitigation and other advanced active safety systems which earn it SAPO CAR (Safety Support Car) S Wide classification from the Japanese government.