HEV Archives

One year later, the Nissan JUKE Rally Tribute concept becomes a reality

Nissan started participating in the Safari Rally in 1963 and in 1966, a Bluebird entered by the team became the first Japanese car to win its class in the gruelling event. Other victories followed and by 1970, Nissan finally took top honours, winning all three prizes – overall (with a Datsun 1600 SSS), class and team. In 1971, a Datsun 240Z won to give the brand its second consecutive overall victory in the rally.

*The original Datsun 240Z which won the Safari Rally.*

From concept sketch to one-off model
Paying tribute to the successes in the legendary rally half a century later is the Nissan JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute. The special model has now moved to become a fully operational one-off vehicle following the overwhelmingly positive reaction to the original concept images. Its unveiling previews the European introduction of the JUKE Hybrid soon.

“The JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute represents our optimism and daring mindset. We are currently preparing an exciting new chapter of JUKE history in advance of the introduction of the new JUKE Hybrid in the summer. It will offer the excitement and agility customers would expect of our iconic crossover, with both improved performance and efficiency. The JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute takes its playful character to a new level. “Speaking about the decision to bring the JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute to life,” said Coralie Musy, Vice-President, Brand and Customer Experience of Nissan’s AMIEO region.

Advanced hybrid powertrain
The JUKE Hybrid powertrain consists of a new generation Nissan internal combustion engine specifically developed for working in a hybrid powertrain application. It produces 69 kW (94 ps) and 148 Nm of torque.

The main electric motor produces 36 kW (49 ps) with 205 Nm of torque, while there is a 15 kW contribution from a high voltage starter/generator, all of which is fed by a 1.2 kWh water-cooled battery. The net result is a powertrain providing 25% more power than the current petrol engine option, with a claimed fuel consumption reduction of approximately 40% in the urban cycle.

Smart automatic gearbox
Also carried over from the production version of the JUKE is an advanced low friction multi-modal gearbox that provides optimal use of the propulsive power, whether electric, petrol engine, or both. To reduce friction, this motorsport-inspired gearbox uses dog clutches instead of conventional synchroniser rings to shift the 4 ICE (internal combustion engine) gears and 2 EV (electric vehicle) gears.

Additionally, to reduce friction, this gearbox does not use a clutch. All vehicle starts are 100% electric, and the 2 EV motors are used in combination to synchronise the gears, delivering smooth, connected and responsive acceleration.

The gearbox is controlled by an advanced algorithm, managing the shift points, battery regeneration, as well as the advanced series-parallel architecture. The powertrain can seamlessly navigate through different hybridisation combinations (series, parallel, series-parallel) according to acceleration and power requirements and without any driver input.

Rally-inspired modifications
Like the Gripz concept car that was displayed at the 2015 Frankfurt Motorshow, the JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute takes its design cues from the iconic 240Z that competed so successfully in the desert rally over 50 years ago.

The most obvious modification are the enlarged wheelarches to accommodate the tailor-made off-road tyres, while the additional lights mounted on the bonnet and roof echo those of the 1970s era.

Similarly, the black of the bonnet and enlarged black wheels are a visual homage to the 1971 rallycar. To further provide period accuracy are vintage sponsor logos and the number 11, while the additional reinforced plates under the front and rear valances offer protection to the vehicle’s underside. Reinforced and long-travel suspension has been fitted all-round, while the tyres are 265/70 R16.

Inside, the cabin has been modified with the fitment of a tubular cage to stiffen the bodyshell and to offer protection in the case of an incident at speed in the challenging desert environment. The rear seats have been removed to provide space for spare wheels and 4-point harnesses have been added to secure the driver and navigator safely in their racing seats.

Other modifications to the interior include the fitment of a competition fire extinguisher, an intercom system with a pair of headphones (though the JUKE Hybrid Rally Tribute would be much quieter than the rallycar), the fitment of Alcantara trim on the steering wheel, and a hydraulic handbrake with a high-reach handle.

As part of the Juke Hybrid Rally Tribute project and in line with exploring rallying while being as eco-conscious as possible, the powertrain uses liquids and biofuels provided by Shell, Nissan’s partner for the 1971 East African Rally.

Range Rover Sport begins third generation, with fully electric model coming in 2024

Less than a year after the Range Rover started its fifth generation, its brother – the Range Rover Sport – also moves into a new generation. Having been born only in 2005, this model enters only its third generation. Moving further along with electrification of the range, it comes with a choice of three powertrains – mild hybrid, plug-in hybrid and combustion engine. In a couple of years, there will also be a fully electric version available.

As with every Land Rover, all the familiar styling elements are present, thanks to the ‘guardian’ of Land Rover’s design DNA, Gerry McGovern. Since the 1980s, he’s led design teams at the British company and for the new Range Rover Sport, the exterior has the recognizable profile with taut surfacing accentuated by stealth-like detailing and muscular proportions.

Sportier image than Range Rover
Where the Range Rover presents itself as a more formal vehicle in keeping with its flagship status, the Sport gets the sporty touch with short overhangs, an assertive front-end and steeply raked glazing at the front and back.

Like the latest Range Rover, the Sport, has Digital LED lighting units which create a distinctive Daytime Running Light (DRL) signature. These are the slimmest ever units fitted to a Land Rover. At the rear, uninterrupted LED light graphics introduce surface LED technology to a production vehicle for the first time, providing a crisp and contemporary look at night.

A characteristic shoulder line runs the length of the vehicle, accentuated by new lower fender details and the longest spoiler ever fitted to a Range Rover. The clean lines of the exterior are enhanced by flush glazing and door handles, contributing to an impressively low Cd of 0.29.

Advanced chassis technologies
The Sport introduces more advanced chassis technologies, along with the flexible mixed-metal architecture (MLA-Flex). The engineers had a comprehensive dynamic toolkit to govern the new SUV’s integrated chassis control system while also raising torsional stiffness by 35% to achieve the most engaging and dynamically capable driving experience.

Advanced features include the new Dynamic Response Pro (DRP) which works together with the latest generation Dynamic Air Suspension (DAS) that has switchable-volume air springs for the first time. DRP provides ultimate roll control via a 48V electronic active roll control system, capable of applying up to 1,400 Nm of torque across each axle.

DAS, which is standard across the range, interfaces with the intelligent system to enhance the bandwidth of the suspension. This works by varying the pressure within the chambers (higher pressure provides stiffer damping) to deliver traditional Range Rover comfort with the dynamic handling expected from the Sport. To optimize responses, the vehicle monitors the road ahead using eHorizon navigation data to pre-emptively prime for upcoming bends.

Driving off-road, especially on rough terrain, requires a degree of expertise and as the leader in 4×4 technology, Land Rover has worked to reduce the demands on the driver. When it introduced systems like Hill Descent Control in the 1990s, even inexperienced drivers could go down a slippery slope almost like a pro as a computer managed the speed and power. 4×4 instructors felt their jobs would no longer be needed before long.

More advanced assistance systems
In more recent times, the company developed the Terrain Response system which has different settings that the driver can choose to suit terrain conditions. In the Sport, an improved second generation of the system makes its debut along with a new Adaptive Off-Road Cruise Control specially designed for use on tricky terrain. An evolution of All-Terrain Progress Control, Adaptive Off-Road Cruise Control allows the driver to set the desired speed and comfort level, from a choice of 4 settings, over rough surfaces.

Powertrains
Before the fully electric Sport comes in 2024, customers can choose from two extended range Electric Hybrids, 6-cylinder Ingenium petrol and diesel engines using mild-hybrid technology, and an all-new V8 Twin Turbo. It’s likely that the electrified powertrains will sell in bigger numbers in Europe while the all new V8 Twin Turbo would find more customers in North America and the Middle East.

The new P510e Electric Hybrid incorporates 3-litre 6-cylinder Ingenium petrol engine with a powerful 105 kW electric motor and 38.2 kWh battery, producing a total system output of 510 ps. A 100-km range on only electricity is claimed. At the other end of the spectrum, the V8 Twin Turbo produces 530 ps, launching the Sport from standstill to reach 100 km/h in a claimed 4.5 seconds (with Dynamic Launch engaged). All the models are fitted with the trusty 8-speed ZF automatic transmission and Intelligent All-Wheel Drive.

Sustainable materials
Within the Sport is the luxurious ambience that would be expected from any Range Rover. In keeping with environmental considerations, sustainable materials are used but still retaining the premium look and feel.

The Alexa-enabled Pivi Pro infotainment system with its curved floating touchscreen provides intuitive control of the vehicle systems. The high resolution 13.1-inch touchscreen has an interface that is easy to use and haptic feedback reduces the need for the driver to keep looking at what is being touched.

Of the many new features, the next-generation Cabin Air Purification Pro deserves highlighting. Clearly developed as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic to provide a cleaner and safer cabin environment, Land Rover says it can significantly reduce odours, bacteria and allergens – including the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This is done by a PM2.5 filtration system with nanoe TM X technology. There is also an advanced CO₂ Management function which can purify the cabin or while driving to help increase alertness and enhance wellbeing.

Next generation Active Noise Cancellation (ANC) not only makes for a quitter journey but also allows greater enjoyment of the Meridian Signature Sound System. ANC operates at its best when the vehicle is in the Dynamic driving mode. Microphones and accelerometers inside each wheel arch constantly monitor the sounds passing into the vehicle, while digital processors calculate the level of noise-cancelling sound required to filter this from the cabin – much like a pair of high-end headphones.

For more information on Land Rover and Range Rover models in Malaysia, visit www.landrover.com.my.

Honda’s electrification plans will still include hybrid models, at least until 2035

Over the next 10 years, Honda will allocate approximately 5 trillion yen in the area of electrification and software technologies to further accelerate its electrification, which is approximately 62% of the company’s overall R&D expenses budgeted for the same. This expenditure will enable it to have up to 30 EV models globally by 2030 with production volumes of more than 2 million units annually. This huge investment will help Honda achieve carbon neutrality for all products and corporate activities by 2050.

The strong focus on EVs – and presumably, Honda is referring to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) – may suggest that the carmaker will be decreasing development of internal combustion engines (ICE) and hybrid vehicles (HEVs). In fact, last year, it announced the intention to stop producing and selling new ICE vehicles, including hybrids, worldwide by 2040.

However, like what a number of major carmakers are saying, hurried adoption of BEVs is not a practical approach. Due to regional differences such as the level of customer acceptance, affordability, readiness of infrastructure and economic conditions, a singular approach to switching to BEVs globally is not going to work.

Honda will therefore be working on rapid transitioning to BEVs in markets and regions such as the USA, Europe, China and Japan while continuing with a more realistic solution for other areas. In those major markets for electrification, the ratio of BEVs and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) will be increased at a faster rate. In relation to overall unit sales, these zero emission vehicles will account for 40% of volume by 2030, 80% by 2035, and 100% by 2040.

*In some markets like Malaysia, Honda also refers to its hybrid technology as e:HEV technology.*

And even though North America is one of the regions that is part of the main electrification plan, Honda has still allocated R&D resources to develop new hybrid models for the near-term. This is to increase HEV volume of core models such as the CR-V, Accord and Civic which are produced there. Honda currently sells 4 HEV models in North America. However, Insight production will end in June to start production of the new CR-V Hybrid this year, followed by the Accord Hybrid, which will eventually make up 50% of the sales mix of each model.

“We need to take into account multiple factors, such as the living environment and the penetration rate of renewable energy, rather than simply switching to electric vehicles,” said Toshihiro Mibe, Honda’s CEO. “We are ending conventional engines but we will still focus on hybrids, and it will be our strength in 2030 or even in 2035.”

Honda, along with Toyota, were the first brands to introduce HEVs and while the Prius was the first into the market, Honda’s first generation of Insight arrived in the USA 7 months before the Toyota HEV. Following the futuristic looking Insight was the Civic Hybrid in 2002 and then the Accord Hybrid.

*Honda’s first model with hybrid electric technology was the Insight, which made its debut in Japan in 1999.*

*The CR-Z hybrid sportscar was sold between 2010 and 2016 but due to diminishing sales of coupes, Honda didn’t follow up with a second generation.*

Honda continued to improve its hybrid technology (which it also refers to as e:HEV technology in some markets) as well as try to bring costs down and developed better hybrid powertrains for the next generations of the models. It also came out with a HEV sportscar, the CR-Z, in 2010 but as sales of coupes slowed down, the model line did not continue into a second generation.

So HEVs still have a future, more so now that they have moved from being of interest to early adopters to become more mainstream in the marketplace. While most HEV buyers would be aware that their car is powered by a petrol engine as well as an electric motor, the fact that a HEV needs no recharging (a plug-in hybrid or PHEV does) makes the technology ‘invisible’. It’s like turbochargers; in the 1970s, they were distinct features in high-performance engines but today, their presence is taken for granted in the new generation of downsized engines.

*In Malaysia, Honda has been selling hybrid models since 2004 and assembling some models locally since 2012, starting with the Jazz Hybrid.*

Honda’s continued attention to HEVs will also be beneficial in other markets where BEV adoption may be slow. HEVs can still help in a small way on the climate change issue as they generate lower carbon dioxide gases which have been identified as a major cause of global warming.

Honda Civic Hatchback e:HEV Hybrid for Europe – will it come to Malaysia too?

When the latest 11^th generation Civic Hatchback made its global debut from North America last year, it was mentioned that there would be hybrid (which Honda calls e:HEV) as well as combustion engine powertrains. However, the e:HEV powertrain was primarily intended for the European market to meet Honda’s objective for all European mainstream models to have electrified powertrains by 2022.

The Civic Hatchback e:HEV will be available in Europe from the fourth quarter of this year. It will join the Jazz, CR-V and HR-V in the electrified line-up, while the Honda e is a battery electric model (BEV).

While the Jazz, CR-V and HR-V use 1.5-litre petrol engines with their hybrid powertrains, the new Civic Hatchback has a larger 2-litre direct-injection, Atkinson-cycle engine. The total system output is 135 kW (170 ps) and 315 Nm of torque. Honda engineers have introduced several new elements within its architecture to help achieve a thermal efficiency of 41%, one of the highest figures within the automotive industry for a production roadcar engine. This allows the engine to provide better performance as losses through friction are less.

The two compact electric motors, powered by a 72-cell lithium-ion battery, work together to provide the primary propulsion for the car. The engine is controlled by a new, compact Power Control unit which now sits under the bonnet with the rest of the powertrain. Located under the rear seats is the latest version of Honda’s Intelligent Power Unit (IPU) and whilst smaller and lighter, it benefits from an increased energy density. This system delivers a feeling of instant torque and powerful acceleration whilst still offering outstanding efficiency.

While on the move, the advanced powertrain shifts seamlessly between electric, hybrid and engine-only modes. When each mode is used depends on various factors, but the driver does not make the determination. The computer will consider the battery level, load conditions and speed, and choose the optimum mode to run in. It is possible to run a few kilometres on just electric mode, usually when starting a journey.

And while on the move, the battery is constantly recharged (even during braking or coasting) so there should be no ‘range anxiety’ or the need to search for a charging station. In fact, with the presence of the petrol engine, the operation is just like a normal car with a combustion engine and fuel can be added when necessary. However, with the electric motor doing part of the work, the consumption will be quite low (20 kms/litre claimed).

While the driver cannot control the powertrain modes, he or she can select specific programming for economical, sporty, or normal driving characteristics. The Civic Hatchback also has one more mode not seen in all e:HEV models and that is an Individual mode. This allows separate control of the engine, transmission and meter display and will be appreciated by drivers who want to fine-tune their car’s performance. Central to the e:HEV system is the fixed gear transmission which has been designed to minimize mechanical friction and is controlled by the IPU.

As for styling, the overall appearance follows that of the latest Civic generation with a more dramatic roofline that gives a sleek coupe-like profile. Depending on the variant, the front end may have a different grille (like the RS versions in Malaysia). At the rear where the big differences are, with larger side windows and a new small corner window in the C-pillar to enhance rearward visibility,

The roofline flows downwards to a lightweight composite tailgate (a first for the Civic). Developed using new manufacturing technology, the weight has been reduced by 20% compared with the previous Civic, making it easier to open and close.

The overall height of the car has been reduced by 50 mm by moving the hinge mechanism outwards. The design of the rear lights is different from the sedan’s and the third brake light lens spans nearly the entire width of its hatch, visually emphasizing the Hatchback’s wider rear track.

Compared to the 10th-generation Civic Hatchback, the windscreen pillars have been moved back by around 50 mm while the wheelbase is 35 mm longer and the rear track is 13 mm wider. However, the rear overhang is less which reduces the overall length by 124 mm but Honda says rear legroom is better in this new variant.

With the large opening at the back, additional attention was given to body rigidity. The Civic Hatchback’s structure has 19% better torsional rigidity versus the previous generation. The stiffer structure, with an aluminium front subframe, benefits ride, handling and refinement, with reductions in noise, vibration and harshness augmented with the extensive use of structural adhesives, spray-in foam in the pillars, and additional sound deadening in the firewall and under the floor.

The suspension is shared with the Sedan but Honda mentions chassis updates such as new low-drag front brake calipers, and low-friction front and rear wheel bearings to reduce rolling resistance.

While the latest City Sedan and Hatchback RS have e:HEV powertrains, the new Civic Sedan does not. Whether we get the new Civic Hatchback e:HEV depends very much on whether it is offered in Thailand. Sales of the Civic Hatchback have not been good so there may not be interest offer the new generation.

However, since it uses the same platform as the sedan, Honda might be willing to develop a sedan with e:HEV technology for ASEAN where there should be sufficient volume to justify it. According to Maduko Chujo, Managing Director & CEO of Honda Malaysia, the company is looking at the possibility of offering a hybrid powertrain with the Civic later on. One of the challenges for the company is to get the cost down so the pricing can be more attractive to a larger segment of buyers.

Grecale, Maserati’s second SUV, makes its debut

The Maserati Grecale has finally been unveiled after a delay of about three months due to the global chip shortage. As the second SUV in the carmaker’s range, it is positioned below the Levante and take on rivals like the BMW X3 and Porsche Macan.

With an overall length of 4846 mm and width of 2163 mm, the shares the Giorgio platform with the Alfa Romeo Stelvio, though this is an updated platform with the additional capability of accommodating a 400V electric powertrain as well. At launch, there will be three engine choices available – two 4-cylinder 48V mild hybrids (300 bhp/330 bhp) and the powerful Nettuno V6 which produces 530 bhp for the Trofeo version.

Like the Levante, the performance of the all-wheel drive Grecale’s can be optimised with drive modes. In fact, while the Levante has 4 modes, the Grecale has one more (for the Trofeo version) besides the Comfort, GT, Sport and Off-Road modes. To complement the drive modes is the Maserati Vehicle Dynamic Control Module system which gives full control of driving dynamics and comfort levels.

*Fully electric Grecale Folgore will only be launched in 2023.*

Details of the electrified version, Maserati’s first BEV (battery electric vehicle) SUV are not available yet as the model will only be introduced in 2023. For now, it is known that it will have 400V technology for its powertrain. It will be part of the Folgore range, the name referring to the company’s strategy to have a completely electric product range by 2030.

The Grecale’s design uses elements from the MC20 sportscar, with a more ‘vertical’ design language more appropriate for the SUV form that is 1670 mm tall. The body has meandering, visual forms and its technical components are highlighted by the use of carbonfibre. In the rear, the boomerang taillights are inspired by the Giugiaro 3200 GT and fit in with the trapezoidal line, made even more striking by the coupe effect of the profile.

The cabin, riding on a wheelbase of 2901 mm, has 2 rows of seating for 5 persons. Like many of the latest cars, the displays are greatly digitised, certainly more than any Maserati before. Everything is touch-based, giving clean aesthetics and even the traditional Maserati clockface has gone digital for the first time,

The dashboard has a large 12.3-inch display (the largest ever on a Maserati) with a classic cluster for the driver, and an 8.8-inch touchscreen running on Android Automotive software, which gives digital assistant services. There’s a second display for rear passengers as well to have more personalised control of the infotainment system.

For those who expect a luxury model to have superlative audio quality, Maserati has worked with Italian specialist Sonus Faber to provide an immersive 3D sound system. The Sonus faber system comes with a high-frequency amplifier and 14 or 21 speakers with specific functionalities that illustrates Sonus faber’s natural sound thorough the use of natural materials.

Production will start in mid-2022 with first deliveries commencing during the second half of the year. Official pricing has not been revealed although the entry-level Grecale GT is rumoured to start from around £50,000 (about RM280,000) in the UK.

Nissan e-POWER electrified system reaches Europe with launch of new Qashqai

Since the late 1990s, hybrid powertrain systems have been developed by various manufacturers, acting as the first step in electrification of vehicles. The systems are similar in having an electric motor and a combustion engine but differ in the way they operate. The ideal operating strategy is to be able to use the electric motor as much as possible, with the engine coming in when extra power is needed.

Nissan’s e-POWER system takes a slightly different approach although it has the motor and engine as well. Part of the electrification strategy under Nissan Intelligent Mobility, e-POWER borrows from the EV technology developed for the LEAF, now the best-selling fully electric car in history.

Nissan Intelligent Mobility anchors critical company decisions around how cars are powered, how cars are driven, and how cars integrate into society. In 2006, Nissan R&D was able to achieve a breakthrough in its energy management technology by reducing the battery capacity to match its competitors’ hybrid vehicles while still delivering desirable EV qualities, such as quietness and efficient energy use. In addition, application of Nissan’s technologies, such as the integration of a power-generating engine, electric motor drive for compact car use, strengthening of the powertrain’s rigidity and improvements in NVH levels, became the foundation of e-POWER and its implementation in the compact-car segment.

Where the LEAF requires regular recharging of its battery pack, an e-POWER system does not need that as a small petrol engine is used to charge the high-output battery pack when necessary. This means that the driver will have no need to look for a charging station (or set one up in his home) and no ‘range anxiety’ (the fear of running of out electricity and being unable to recharge).

A significant difference between the e-POWER system and other hybrid systems is that the wheels are driven only by the electric motor. With other hybrid systems, the motor and engine are used to propel the vehicle, varying their amount of contribution according to driving conditions.

The e-POWER’s compact powertrain consists of a petrol engine, power generator, inverter, and electric motor. In conventional hybrid systems, a low-output electric motor is mated to a petrol engine to drive the wheels when the battery is low (or when traveling at higher speeds). However, in the e-POWER system, the engine is not connected to the wheels; its function is to charge the battery. Thus, the car has its own ‘charging station’ wherever it goes, recharging the battery whenever it is low.

This system structure generally requires a bigger motor and battery because the motor is the only power source to drive wheels. This has made it hard for the automotive industry to mount the system in compact cars. However, Nissan found a way to minimize and reduce weight, develop more responsive motor control methods and optimize energy management. As a result, the e-POWER system can use a smaller battery than the LEAF but delivers EV performance.

This means that there is maximum torque almost instantly – a characteristic of electric motors – , which enhances acceleration. Because the system relies on the engine less frequently, fuel efficiency is comparable to that of leading conventional hybrids, especially during daily town driving.

*The Note sold in Japan was the first model to use the e-POWER system.*

Over the years, Nissan has been improving and refining the e-POWER system while also offering it in selected models for the Japanese market. It has been progressively offered in other markets since 2020 and this year, the new Qashqai SUV will be the first model in Europe to be equipped with the system. The system was also introduced in China last year in the new Sylphy model.

At the heart of the latest e-POWER system is a 1.5-litre 3-cylinder turbocharged variable compression 156 bhp petrol engine (pictured below) which has been developed specifically for this application. First used by Infiniti, the engine’s variable compression capability (between 8.1 and 14.1:1) is a unique feature in an internal combustion engine and allows it to adjust compression ratio, giving both optimum performance and economy depending on the engine load. The 140 kW electric motor is of a similar size and power output as found in Nissan’s EV models.

With the variable compression ratio, the engine runs within its optimal range and best compression ratio, leading to superior fuel efficiency and lower CO₂ emissions compared with a traditional internal combustion engine, as well as a refined drive thanks to reduced engine noise.

To maximise performance, in high acceleration or high-speed situations, the energy management control unit within the e-POWER system can send the power generated by the engine directly to the electric motor, via the inverter, to bolster the electricity supply which is coming from the battery. Under deceleration and braking, the kinetic energy is recaptured and channelled back to the battery to optimise efficiency.

Key to the development of the e-POWER system for the Qashqai was the need to ensure the driving experience gave a ‘connected’ sensation, where the petrol engine speed remains relative to the vehicle’s road speed. Engineers at Nissan Technical Centre Europe collaborated in developing a system called ‘Linear Tune’. This feature governs the petrol engine and progressively increases the speed of the 1.5-litre engine to meet the motor’s energy demands as the car accelerates, ensuring there is no ‘disconnect’ between what the occupants experience in terms of performance and sound.

*New Qashqai is first Nissan model in Europe with e-POWER.*

The disparity between engine speed and road speed is a phenomenon that drivers and passengers find unsettling. For example, a sudden rise in engine revs without a commensurate increase in speed is perceived as frustrating and ‘disconnected’ by occupants – which Linear Tune addresses.

Although sales of EVs are growing rapidly, especially in Europe, Nissan understands that not everyone is ready to make the switch for various reasons. The e-POWER system therefore provides a transitional phase where the benefits of using an EV can be experienced without the present concerns that many may have regarding recharging and range.

Mercedes-Maybach GLS 600 4MATIC – for those who are not satisfied with a standard Mercedes-Benz SUV

Along with the new Mercedes-Maybach S-Class (Z223), Mercedes-Benz Malaysia is also bringing in the GLS 600 4MATIC SUV, the only other model in the ultra-exclusive sub-brand above the Mercedes-Benz S-Class. Like the Z223, the GLS 600 costs considerably more than the model from which it was adapted (from RM1.89 million before adding insurance) and as we wondered, why would someone pay so much more when it would be possible to personalize a Mercedes-Benz GLS with additional luxury fittings and probably spend less? Well, we’re not in that segment of customers who can afford such cars so it’s hard to understand but it may be that there are some who want exclusivity as well as the assurance of the product being made by the same manufacturer, and not an independent outside party.

Where the differences are
Unless the S-Class, the GLS 600 has a closer resemblance to the Mercedes-Benz version, even size-wise. It has Maybach-specific styling elements but, at a glance, it would be hard to see the difference although the extra chrome trim does offer a clue. Where the Mercedes-Benz GLS sports a large star between two horizontal louvres in the radiator grille, the Mercedes-Maybach grille has a fine, elegant line of vertical chrome. At the lower level are ‘oar-blades’ at each side, with a classy mesh grille over them.

Along the sides is another classy feature – aluminium retractable side steps. The GLS 600 isn’t the only one with it but it is nevertheless something that will impress since you don’t see it often. The 2.06-metre long custom-designed steps, with extra width towards the rear half, fold out from underneath when a door is opened (and the vehicle is also lower slightly). Closing the door will reverse the action and the steps fit flush against the underside so there is no loss of ground clearance. This feature is exclusive to the Mercedes-Benz Maybach version.

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The 23-inch wheels were developed exclusively for this model and have the pinstripe theme of the brand. The tailpipe trim elements with a small cross rib emphasise the model’s identity as a Mercedes-Maybach. The same applies to the brand emblem, which is positioned at various points such as on the D-pillar.

Mercedes-Maybach GLS 600 4MATIC — *Extra money gets you this 2-tone paint finish with a dividing line which is applied by hand, adding another level of exclusivity.*

First-class cabin
It’s on the inside that much of the reason for the higher price is evident. Needless to say, the character of the interior is reflected in the high-grade materials and the high level of craftsmanship. Where the Mercedes-Benz GLS has 3 rows for up to 7 persons, the Mercedes-Maybach version has only two rows and the back one is for just two persons. The seats look like they came from the first-class cabin of an airliner with power everything and a generous reclining angle.

Between the seats is a wide console and at its rear end is a lid which opens into a refrigerated compartment. The refrigerator is an option but for the Malaysian market, it comes as a standard fitment. It has a large volume but that also means that it sticks into the boot area and takes away a bit of space.

From their elevated seating position, thanks to electrically operated roller sunblinds on the two rear side windows, the passengers can decide for themselves how much of their surroundings they want to see. Overhead is an electrically opening panoramic sliding/tilting sunroof with an opaque roller blind which will certainly be needed with our burning sunshine.

While a SUV is often regarded as a more leisure-oriented vehicles, the GLS 600 can also be used as a mobile office for those who cannot (or don’t want to) disconnect from their business. There are multiple options with WLAN/Bluetooth to enable the occupants to stay connected to the rest of the world and folding tables and a 115/230 V socket can be installed. The MBUX Rear Tablet with a 7-inch screen acts as a control centre for all the comfort features and can also be removed and used as an Android tablet. The MBUX infotainment system with Rear Seat Entertainment System uses two 11.6-inch touchscreens and each screen can display the content selected by the individual user.

Better air quality and enhanced wellness
In this age of greater concern for air quality, the AIR-BALANCE helps to improve the quality with two particularly clever features. One is active fragrancing of the interior with technology that ensures the fragrance actually evaporates after system deactivation and air exchange so no perfume droplets stick to clothing or the occupants.

The AIR-BALANCE Package also has air ionisation using a high-voltage ioniser in the air duct. The ioniser generates negative ions and owing to the magnetic attraction, they form heavier agglomerations and fall to the floor. In this way, certain viruses, bacteria and spores can be deactivated while the air will be fresher.

The suspension is based on that of the Mercedes-Benz GLS with AIRMATIC air suspension and Adaptive Damping System Plus (ADS+). The E-ACTIVE BODY CONTROL suspension based on the 48V on-board electrical system, an innovation in suspension technology, is standard. A special Maybach drive program has been developed to provide class-leading ride comfort.

Hybrid powertrain with cylinder-cut
For power, the M177 engine is used and this is a new, electrified variant of the V8 petrol engine with a displacement of 3982 cc and has a 48V on-board electrical system with integrated starter-alternator (ISG). The ISG is responsible for hybrid functions such as EQ Boost or energy recovery, allowing fuel savings that were previously reserved for high-voltage hybrid technology.

The output of the bi-turbo engine is 558 ps/730 Nm, and can be boosted by 250 Nm/22 ps momentarily. For fuel-savings, the variable valve control system CAMTRONIC can shut down 4 cylinders when demands are low. The transition between on 4 and 8 cylinders is seamless an absorber reduces vibrations that come from running on less cylinders.

Mercedes-Benz has had lots of experience in all-wheel drive, not only when it developed its first SUV in 1997 but even before that with the G-Wagen. For the GLS 600, the power flows through a 9G-TRONIC automatic transmission to a transfer case that can vary torque from 0 – 100% between the front and rear axles.

Sophisticated PRE-SAFE systems
The tallness of a SUV has always been a challenge for engineers as there is a higher risk of roll-over. The PRE-SAFE system has active systems that can lower this risk significantly, but accidents can still happen. This is where the additional airbags installed in the rear seats help to give better protection to the passengers while Impulse Side, which is part of the Driving Assistance package Plus, uses the close-range radar sensors to detect an impending side-on collision and can prompt the driver or front passenger to move further away from the danger zone.

An interesting feature is the use of hearing, an area that often gets forgotten. If a probable impact is detected, the PRE-SAFE Sound system transmits a noise signal through the sound system of the vehicle which can trigger a reflex. It causes the stapedius muscle in the inner ear to contract and thus muffles the noise level of a major collision. This small action could help reduce the disorientation caused to the passenger by the impact and enable him or her to get out quickly.

World Rally Championship organisers warn spectators of high-voltage dangers with hybrid rallycars

As reported earlier, the FIA aims to make motorsport more sustainable and more environment-friendly. The pursuit of these objectives cover various forms of motorsport, including the World Rally Championship (WRC) which, this year, sees the introduction of hybrid technology mandatory for what are known as Rally1 cars. The plug-in hybrid unit, including all necessary components and software, will be common, with the potential for more freedom of development in 2024.

TOYOTA GAZOO Racing, Hyundai Motorsport and M-Sport Ford have fully committed to the WRC from 2022 to 2024 and will run Rally1 cars. They will use a plug-in hybrid powertrain with an existing 1.6-litre turbocharged petrol engine, and must also run on 100% fossil-free fuel to reduce CO₂ emissions.

The system’s output is more than 500 ps, with 100 kW contributed by the electric motor which draws its energy from a 3.9 kWh battery pack. Hybrid Electric Vehicle Zones created close to service parks and ceremonial start areas during all rounds of the WRC will require Rally1 crews to demonstrate that they can run in full electric mode over a specified route highlighted in the roadbook.

New safety issues
The introduction of high-voltage hybrid powertrains brings new safety issues for the crew as well as spectators and the FIA has issued new requirements specifically for Rally1 cars. Firstly, there must be two pairs of Class-0 gloves carried in each car capable of withstanding 1,000 volts. These must be easily accessible for the driver and co-driver in the event of an emergency when they are getting out of their car.

Warnings on exterior of Rally1 cars
On the outside, the Rally1 cars are identifiable by an ‘HY’ graphic on the side door panels. Spectators are being warned to look out for this graphic so that they will take care. In rallies, it is not unusual for spectators to rush to a car that has crashed or gone off the road to assist and if a Rally1 car is damaged in certain areas, electric current could leak onto the bodywork.

The organisers therefore want to ensure that there are no incidents of people being electrocuted, and each car has safety lights on the windscreen and both side pillars. These lights will be green when the car is safe to touch. A flashing red light with an audible warning means a car is unsafe to touch.

Second round underway
The 2022 WRC is currently running its second round in Sweden after the opening round in Monte Carlo last month which was won by M-Sport Ford. TOYOTA GAZOO Racing’s Kalle Rovanpera got off to a strong start during the speed test in his Toyota GR Yaris Rally1. He gets to start first today though that is not necessarily an advantage in a winter rally.

With Sweden not part of Sebastien Ogier’s programme of selected rallies this season, Esapekka Lappi will make his first start with the team’ since 2018. Rovanpera will open the road as the highest-placed driver in the standings after finishing fourth and winning the Power Stage on Rallye Monte-Carlo.

Elfyn Evans was part of the lead battle on Round 1 before a small but costly mistake ended his chances of a strong result. He will hope for a repeat of the championship’s last visit to Sweden in 2020 when he scored his first victory for Toyota. As on every round this season, Takamoto Katsuta will drive an additional GR YARIS Rally1.

M-Sport Ford’s Craig Breen has a strong track record on snow to date. The Irishman is keen to show his ability on the high-speed snow tests in search of a second consecutive podium result. Off the back of his first ever WRC stage win, Gus Greensmith completed a small Norwegian National event in a Ford Fiesta Rally2 to help acclimatise to the specialist conditions and driving style. The young Englishman is aiming to build on his Monte Carlo result and looking for his first loose surface stage win.

The Hyundai Motorsport team, which had a bad first outing of the season, has a previous winner of Rally Sweden – Thierry Neuville who won in 2018. “Rallying is always a bit more spectacular on snow with the studded tyres,” he said . “Usually, as the stages are quite fast, you have to lean into the snowbanks and drive sideways a bit more. You have to be slightly more brutal to get the studs to grip into the ground.”

Closer to Arctic Circle this year
Conditions are extreme, though not unusual for Rally Sweden which is on ice and snow, with temperatures well below 0°C. There is also likely to be rain during the event which is run in the remote forests of north-eastern Sweden, closer to the Arctic Circle. There are 17 stages over 265 kms.

*The various stages of Rally Sweden this year.*

The stages will all be brand-new to the WRC but the characteristics that make it one of the most popular and spectacular rallies on the calendar will remain. Special studded tyres bite into the surface to provide grip on roads that are lined with snow banks, which drivers lean on to carry more speed through the corners.

Volvo XC90 range in Malaysia gets additional mild hybrid variant

Volvo’s flagship range in Malaysia has gained an additional variant – the XC90 B5 Inscription Plus, a mild hybrid under the B badge line. The B badge is used to signify the presence of a mild hybrid powertrain which is expected to help the carmaker move closer to its goal of having all its models electrified by the middle of the next decade.

The new 7-seater SUV variant, which joins the XC90 Recharge T8 Inscription Plus, has an integrated electrified powertrain (similar to the one in the latest XC60). This combines an advanced kinetic energy recovery braking system with the petrol engine to reduce fuel consumption and emissions.

The 4-cylinder turbocharged petrol engine is coupled to an 8-speed Geartronic automatic transmission. Together with an electric motor, it produces up to 249 ps/350 Nm which goes to all the wheels.

Standard equipment includes a Bowers & Wilkins Premium Sound audio system, while for active safety, there is a 360° surround view camera and IntelliSafe systems such as City Safety with Autobrake, Lane Keeping Aid, and Cross Traffic Alert.

Excluding insurance and sales tax, the XC90 B5 Inscription Plus is priced from RM386,842.12. Customers can choose from 4 exterior colours (Crystal White, Onyx Black, Denim Blue and Pebble Grey) and enjoy a full 5-year warranty as there is no limit on mileage after registration.

Honda City Hatchback RS e:HEV price announced as RM107,783

Following the launch of the Honda City Hatchback in December, for which there are more than 5,200 bookings, Honda Malaysia has now announced the price of the City Hatchback RS e:HEV which was not revealed earlier. Without insurance, the price is RM107,783.09 and this price without sales tax will be applicable until June 30, 2022. There are 3 colour options – Ignite Red Metallic, Meteoroid Gray Metallic and Platinum White Pearl.

This is the first time that the City model is offered in a hatchback bodystyle and the flagship version also comes with e:HEV technology that uses the 1.5-litre Sports intelligent Multi-Mode Drive (i-MMD) powertrain coupled with Electric Continuous Variable Transmission (e-CVT). The hybrid powertrain produces 109 ps/253 Nm and can run in hybrid, engine or even fully electric mode, the latter available for a limited distance depending on the battery pack level.

*The City Hatchback’s e:HEV system can run on just the electric motor powered by the battery pack, saving fuel and with no exhaust emissions.*

However, as a hybrid electric vehicle, there is no need for recharging from an external source as the battery pack will recharge while the car is being driven. Recharging constantly takes place either by the engine or through regeneration during braking and coasting. This is therefore a more practical approach to electrification for Malaysians at this time when the network of recharging stations is still very small.

Specific to the City Hatchback are a Gloss Black front Grill, Solid Wing and Door Mirrors, and standard are LED headlights with LED Daytime Running Lights, LED front foglights, a rear spoiler and LED rear light units, along with 16-inch alloy wheels.

The interior follows the layout of the sedan and comes with red-stitched Ultrasuede® Seats. The City Hatchback offers additional versatility as it comes with the 4-mode ULTRA Seat, a feature that originated in the first Jazz. The ULTRA Seat allows for different seating layouts in the cabin to suit different usage requirements, including one for carrying tall items like plants.

*With the ULTRA Seat, it is possible to fold the seats upright to create more vertical space to carry tall items like plants.*

This variant also comes with a 7-inch Interactive TFT meter, 8-inch Display Audio with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto Connectivity as well as rear air conditioning. Other first-in-segment features are Honda LaneWatch to monitor the blind spot on the left side, Electric Parking Brake and Remote Engine Start.

*Honda LaneWatch uses a small camera on the left door mirror to monitor the blind spot behind the car and display real-time images on the centre screen.*

Like the City Sedan RS e:HEV, this hatchback variant also has Honda SENSING, the camera-based driver-assistance system which allows Level 2 autonomous driving as well. Honda SENSING consists of Adaptive Cruise Control, Collision Mitigation Braking System, Forward Collision Warning, Lane Keep Assist System, Road Departure Mitigation, Lane Departure Warning and Auto High Beam. With the systems active, the workload on the driver is less so fatigue on long journeys can be reduced as well as motoring safety being enhanced.

Honda CONNECT is also included and this smart Telematics Technology allows owners to connect with the City Hatchback via a smartphone application. The owner can be easily informed of the car’s status as well as other useful information.

For more information or to locate a showroom for a test-drive, visit www.honda.com.my.

Piston.my

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